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| @Wikipedia |
(1625-1695)
Archbishop of Rouen (1651)
Abbe de Jumieges (1660)
Archbishop of Paris (1671)
Rector of Sorbonne (1671)
Commander of the Holy Spirit (1662)
Duke & Peer (1674).
His lovers were:
1) Mademoiselle de la Varenne.
2) Madame de Bretonvilliers.
3) Madame la Duchesse de Lesdiguieres.
Love life.
"Francois de Harlay, Archbishop of Paris, in the seventeenth century, was another prelate following the fashion of the sovereigns and of the aristocracy of his time. Mlle. de la Varenne, Mme. de Bretonvilliers, and Mme. la Duchesse de Lesdiguieres, were some of his favourites. La Bruyere relates 'that the Archbishop's last mistress was the daughter of a Paris merchant, and that it was practically in the arms of this lady that the prelate was suddenly seized with a fit of apoplexy, which caused his death in 1696." (Rappoport: 48). [Bio2:L'Eglise Catholique a Paris]
BRITISH.
Richard-Arthur Dillon (1721-1806)
Archbishop of Narbonne
" . . . A worldly administrator rather than a pious prelate, the Archbishop kept a famed hunt at Hautefontaine north of Paris. Lucie accompanied him on several occasions to his see, Montpellier, where he lived in great splendour. Forced to flee France after the attack on the clergy, he spent his last yeaars in exile in London. He was the life-long companion and lover of Lucie's grandmother, Mme de Rothe." (Dancing to the Precipice)
His lover was:
His lover was:
Lucy de Rothe (d.1804)
" . . . After the death of her only daughter. Lucie's mother, Mme de Rothe brought up her granddaughter with great severity. Assumed to be the mistress of her uncle, Archbishop Dillon, she presided over his household until the revolution, when they fled to Germany, and then to England." (Dancing to the Precipice: Lucie de La Tour du Pon and the French Revolution)
Richard de Beaumais
Bishop of London.
Sheriff of Shropshire
Bishop of London (1108-1127)
Viscount of Shrewsbury.
His lover was:
Unnamed mistress.
Roger le Poer (d.1139)
7th Lord Chancellor (1101)
Lord Keeper of England
Chief Justiciar of England
Bishop of Salisbury (1102).
His lover was:
Matilda of Ramsbury.
Natural Child:
Roger le Poer
Lord Chancellor of England.
"The leader of the bishops was Roger, Bishop of Salisbury. He had long been a valuable servant to Henry I. In his earlier career he had been a poor priest at Caen in Normandy. It was said he had first come to the king's attention when Prince Henry was campaigning in Normandy, and had turned aside for mass athe church where Roger was priest, and the latter had shown how quickly he could get through the service so that Henry could continue with his hunting;
they claimed that a more suitable chaplain for military men could not be found.' He was then taken on in the prince's entourage, and 'although he was practically unlettered, he nevertheless so shrewdly managed things by his natural astuteness, that within a short time he became dear to his master and conducted his most confidential affairs. Other evidence associates him as a priest with Avranches in western Normandy. He soon became Henry's chancellor, benefiting from his master's rise to the royal throne, and was made Bishop of Salisbury in 1101. During the king;s absences in Normandy, Roger was at times responsible for the government of England, acting as a viceroy. Roger was certainly one of those rather worldly clerics whose abilities lay in efficient administration rather than spiritual example. We know that in 1139 he had a mistress, Matilda of Ramsbury, who was holding Devizes Castle in his name. The bishop also had an illegitimate son, Roger, by Matilda of Ramsbury, who was employed within the administration as a chancellor. He is called Roger the Poor, though the reason for the nickname is not known. From his age t seems likely that he was conceived after Roger became a bishop. It is possible they had a second son, called Adelelm, who was also a royal servant as a treasurer. Both Roger the Poor and Adelelm were given archdeaconries in Salisbury, so Bishop Roger was guilty of yet another ecclesiastical abuse, that of nepotism." (Stephen & Matilda: The Civil War of 1139-53: 56)
"...Henry...continued to throw his weight behind the drive for clerical celibacy. There was a certain irony here, for not only was the king's own secual conduct far from spotless, but neither was that of some leading bishops... Even the great Bishop Roger of Salisbury had a mistress and a son." (Green, 2006, p. 275)
Character or Persona: "...He was a great bureaucrat, and a builder whose taste was in advance of his age. But his contemporaries were probably justified in regarding him as the type of the bishop immersed in worldly affairs, ambitious, avaricious, unfettered by any high standard of personal morality." (Wikipedia)
GERMAN.
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| Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg |
Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau, Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg. (1559-1617)
Archbishop of Salzburg 1587.
Son of: Hans Werner von Raitenau, Austrian Imperial colonel & Helene von Hohenems, niece of Pope Pius IV, sister of Markus Sittikus von Hohenems- Altemps, Bishop of Constant & sister-in-law of Cardinal Saint Charles Borromeo.
Representative of the transition from the old to new: ". . . Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau (1559-1612) of Salzburg, a nobleman from south of Lake Constance, illustrates the transition from the old to new. Wolf Dietrich studied for five years at the German College in Rome before succeeding in Salzburg at the age of eighteen. There he blended the old ways with the new. He accumulated benefices with the zeal of a pre-Reformation prelate, and he even sought Rome's permission to marry Salome Alt, the lovely daughter of a Salzburg magistrate, by whom he fathered ten children. . . . " (Brady, 1998, p. 389)
Salzburg, the bishop's Baroque beauty:" . . . Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau . . . ascended the archepiscopal throne in 1587 when not yet thirty. Educated in Rome, he modeled himself upon Sixtus V, the energetic Pope whose chief architect, Domenico Fontana, had begun to transform the Holy City. Young von Raitenau quickly tamed whatever independent spirit remained in the archbishopric, reducing it to a tribute-paying vassalage on the pattern of the Papal States. . . Squeezing money from his subjects with harsh new taxes, he started to reshape medieval Salzburg in the image of baroque Rome. Wolf Dietrich fell upon the city as if to remodel or build anew everything at once. A town palace for himself (the expanded Residenz) and imposing court stables to rise, as did Lustschloss Altenau,a pleasure-palace later renamed Mirabell, to house his mistress, Salome Alt, and their offspring. . . . ." (Mozart: A Cultural Biography: 3)
Salome, the most beautiful woman of her time: "Another noteworthy detail of Wolf Dietrich's archbishopric is Mirabell Palace, built in 1606 and originally named Altenau, after Salome Alt, the archbishop's mistress and seventh child of Salzburg merchant and town councilor Wilhelm Alt. Salome was said to be the most beautiful woman of her time, and she soon aroused the archbishop's attention. According to local lore, the archbishop seduced her and installed her in a awing of his palace. Later he built Altenau for her and their children. When the crisis of Wolf Dietrich's downfall began, she was sent, with the youngest children, to Carinthia. He meant to follow, but was never allowed to join her. She lived out her das in peace in Wels, Upper Austria" (Northern Europe: International Dictionary of Historic Places: 667)
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| Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau |
The only woman in the bishop's life: "Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau became archbishop of Salzburg at the young age of 28. Shortly after his arrival in Salzburg, he fell in love with a beautiful merchant's daughter, named Salome Alt. They wanted to marry but their appeal for a dispensation by the pontifex, which would allow the archbishop to marry legally despite his profession, was refused. Nevertheless, they lived together for over 22 years. To keep their relationship a secret, the archbishop built the palace Mirabell, back then called Altenau. Today the palace is situated in the centre of Salzburg, but in the 17th century it was situated on the edge of the mediaeval city. The archbishop and his mistress had 16 children, of only little is known today. Only 10 children survived their infancy, two of their sons married and further two followed their father's profession and became clergymen. Salome Alt was never an ordinary mistress as she was always the only woman in the bishop's life. Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau died after political conflicts in the dungeons of his former fortress Hohensalzburg. Salome had to flee with their children to a cousin in Upper Austria. She died there at the old age of 94." (Ich und die Namen: Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau and Salome Alt - A Love Story)
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| Salome Alt @ St. Peter's Abbey, Salzburg Museum |
His lover was:
Salome Alt von Altenau (1568-1633)
Lover in 1587-1609.
Austrian merchant's daughter.
Daughter of: Wilhelm Alt, Austrian merchant & councillor & Magdalena Unterholzer.
Bishop's mistress, adviser & hostess: "Prince-Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau and Salome Alt fell in love. She was the daughter of a wealthy Protestant merchant and granddaughter of Ludwig Alt, a mayor of Salzburg. Their relationship was neither a casual nor secretive affair. She accompanied him in public, served as adviser and hostess, and was the mother of their 15 children, 10 of whom survived. Raitenau convinced the emperor to elevate her rank. The prince-archbishop commissioned, Vincenzo Scamozzi, the Italian architect who had designed the residential palace, to build a palace with gardens for her and their children. The residence was named Altenau Palace, which would later be known as Mirabell Palace. Raitenau was arrested in 1612 over a dispute involving salt mining rights and sent to prison by his nephew and successor, Markus Sittikus von Hohenems. That same year, Alt and her children were forced out of Altenau after having lived there since 1606. She remained in exile in Wels, Austria, until her death in 1633. Raitenau died in prison in 1617. Throughout their relationship, he tried to get permission from the Catholic Church to marry her but his request was denied. She was acknowledged as his common law wife and their relationship lasted more than 20 years until his death." (Guardian)
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| Salome Alt as Mary Magdalene by Camillo Procaccini |
From a patrician's daughter to Imperial nobility: "A patrician's daughter, she bore him fifteen children. In 1611 ten of them were alive; three sons and seven daughters. Two years earlier, Emperor Rudolph II had raised Salome and her issue to the nobility as 'von Altenau.'" (Gutman, 2001, p. 3)
An archbishop living an immoral life: "Raitenau sought to excuse himself, by attributing the accusations made against him to personal jealousies. This might have been the case on several points, but the accusations against the immoral manner of life of the archbishop were certainly justified, as he was secretly living in concubinage with Salome Alt, the beautiful daughter of a merchant of Salzburg. From this union many sons were born, for whose future Raitenau carefully provided...." (The History of the Popes, p. 335)
Aftermath of the relationship: "In 1612, the 44-year-old Salome von Altenau was exiled from Salzburg. When the father of her children, the archbishop Wolf Dietrich, died in 1617, Salome was left on her own. The daughter of a prominent Salzburg burgher family, she had been living with Protestant friends in Wels since 1615. The marriage of her daughter Caecilia to Grundemann would help to salvage the family's fortunes. Grundemann would benefit from the noble connections the family possessed." (A Negotiated Settlement: The Counter-Reformation in Upper Austria: 184)
"The experienced financial administrator Constantine Grundemann can be expected to have offered Prudentius advice while the latter struggled with the parishioners of Wels. In late 1619, the imperial administrator was probably often in the city as he visited the family of the exiled archbishop of Salzburg, Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau. Grundemann, whose first wife, Margaretha, had died, was arranging to marry the archbishop's nineteen-year-old daughter Caecilia. The marriage took place in Wels on June 30, 1620." (A Negotiated Settlement: The Counter-Reformation in Upper Austria: 184)
Aftermath of the relationship: "In 1612, the 44-year-old Salome von Altenau was exiled from Salzburg. When the father of her children, the archbishop Wolf Dietrich, died in 1617, Salome was left on her own. The daughter of a prominent Salzburg burgher family, she had been living with Protestant friends in Wels since 1615. The marriage of her daughter Caecilia to Grundemann would help to salvage the family's fortunes. Grundemann would benefit from the noble connections the family possessed." (A Negotiated Settlement: The Counter-Reformation in Upper Austria: 184)
"The experienced financial administrator Constantine Grundemann can be expected to have offered Prudentius advice while the latter struggled with the parishioners of Wels. In late 1619, the imperial administrator was probably often in the city as he visited the family of the exiled archbishop of Salzburg, Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau. Grundemann, whose first wife, Margaretha, had died, was arranging to marry the archbishop's nineteen-year-old daughter Caecilia. The marriage took place in Wels on June 30, 1620." (A Negotiated Settlement: The Counter-Reformation in Upper Austria: 184)
Relationship's benefits to Salome.
Palace built for a beautiful mistress: "Another palace in Austria that you will find in Salzburg is Mirabell Palace, which is partly known for its immaculate gardens. Mirabell Palace was built in 1606 at the request of Prince Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Raitenau. As the story goes, the residence, which was originally titled Altenau, was intended for the Prince Archbishop's mistress Salome Alt...." (Austrian Castles)
The Taj Mahal of Salzburg: ""The 'Taj Mahal of Salzburg,' Schloss Mirabell was built in 1606 by the immensely wealthy and powerful Prince-Archbishop Wolf Dietrich for his mistress, Salome Alt, and their 15 children. It was orinibally called Altenau in her honor. Such was the palace's beauty that it was taken over by succeeding prince-archbishops, including Markus Sittikus, Paris Lodron (who renamed the estate in honor of his mistress), and finally Franz Anton von Harrach, who brought in Lukas von Hildebrandt to Baroquize the place in 1727. Unfortunately, a disastrous fire hit in 1818. Happily, three of the most spectacular set pieces of the palace---the Chapel, the Marble Hall, and the Angel Staircase---survived. The Marble Hall is nowadays used for civil wedding ceremonies and is regarded as the most beautiful registry office in the world. . . ." (Vienna to Salzburg: 223)
The Taj Mahal of Salzburg: ""The 'Taj Mahal of Salzburg,' Schloss Mirabell was built in 1606 by the immensely wealthy and powerful Prince-Archbishop Wolf Dietrich for his mistress, Salome Alt, and their 15 children. It was orinibally called Altenau in her honor. Such was the palace's beauty that it was taken over by succeeding prince-archbishops, including Markus Sittikus, Paris Lodron (who renamed the estate in honor of his mistress), and finally Franz Anton von Harrach, who brought in Lukas von Hildebrandt to Baroquize the place in 1727. Unfortunately, a disastrous fire hit in 1818. Happily, three of the most spectacular set pieces of the palace---the Chapel, the Marble Hall, and the Angel Staircase---survived. The Marble Hall is nowadays used for civil wedding ceremonies and is regarded as the most beautiful registry office in the world. . . ." (Vienna to Salzburg: 223)
"The idea of villegiatunt and a villa suburbana also starts with Wolf Dietrich. He lived with his mistress, Salome Alt, and their children, either in the section of the archbishop's residence north of St. Mary's, or in the Altenau, the summer resort built on the right bank of the Salzach. The Altenau was dedicated to Salome, and this illustrates the feature of all Roman Catholic states ruled bu Church dignitaries, including the Vatican: nepotism. Since the position was not hereditary, all of the archbishops of Salzburg in the baroque period could not resist the temptation to spend a considerable amount of the state's income for private purposes, adding to the well-being and glorification of their families...." (Cohen & Szabo, 2008, p. 46)
PORTUGUESE.
Martinho de Braganza (d.1547)
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