Sunday, August 30, 2020

Crusader States--

File:Agnes Courtenay.jpg
Agnes de Courtenay
Empress of Constantinople
@Wikipedia
(1136-1184)
Empress of Constantinople

Daughter of: Joscelin II de Courtenay, Count of Edessa & Beatrice de Saone.

Wife of:
1. Renaud, Sire de Marash (d.1149), mar 1146/47
2. Amaury I of Jerusalem (d.1181), mar 1158
3. Hughes d'Ibelin, Lord of Rama (d.1170), mar 1163
4. Renaud Grenier, Lord of Sidon (d.1202), mar 1174.

Her lovers were:
1) Aimery de Lusignan (1145-1205)
King of Jerusalem.
10th King of Jerusalem, 1195-1205
2nd King of Cyprus, 1194-1205
Constable of Jerusalem 1179.

Son of: Hugues VIII de Lusignan & Burgondie de Rancon, Dame de Fontenay.

Husband of: 
1. Eschive d'Ibelin(d.1197), daughter of Baudouin d'Ibelin
2. Isabella I of Jerusalemmar 1197.

Aimery de Lusignan's personal & family background: "Aimery of Lusignan . . . was to become very important later in Baldwin IV's reign. The Lusignan's were a noble family from Poitou and vassals of Henry II of England. They had an excellent crusading record extending over four generations. Aimery's great-grandfather, Hugh VI, had come on the 1101 crusade and died at the battle of Ramla in 1102; his grandfather, Hugh VII, had accompanied Louis VII on the Second Crusade; while his father, Hugh VIII, had come on pilgrimage to the Holy Land in 1163, been captured by Nur-ad-Din at the battle of Harim in the following year, and died in a Muslim prison. Aimery, one of Hugh VIII's younger sons, came to Syria some years later and he too was captured in battle by the Muslims but was ransomed by King Amalric. Aimery was one day to become king of Jerusalem himself and the story of how in his youth King Aimery had been ransomed by King Amalric passed into the folklore of the Latin east, for people were struck by the similarity of their names. Ernoul later credited Aimery with having been the lover of Agnes of Courtenay; again, it is impossible to know with what truth. What is certain is that Aimery married Eschiva, the elder daughter of Baldwin of Ibelin, and when he first came to Baldwin IV's court in December 1174 he did not do so as Agness protege but as Baldwin of Ibelin's son-in-law." (The Leper King and His Heirs: 97-98)

From a soldier of fortune to an empress-dowager's lover: "With Baldwin of Ramla removed temporarily from the scene, the king's mother, Agnes of Courtenay, began to sway her daughter Sibylla with her own hatred of the Ibelin clan. Moreover, one of her own lovers, Amalric of Lusignan, told her that he had a younger brother, a handsome and gallant knight, who would suit Sibylla very well. Amalric was a member of one of the foremost noble families of France. The Lusignans were Counts of La Marche and Poitou but as a younger son his prospects had not been good at home. However, making the most of his obvious advantages, his youthful good looks and strong sword arm, he came to the Holy Land as a soldier of fortune and within a few years had risen through good service to the king and to his mother to the rank of constable. He had made a good marriage with the daughter of Baldwin of Ramla and had become Agnes's lover. . . . " (Regan, 1987, pp. 64-65)

The glamour of a new court chamberlain from France's court of love: "It happened that Sibylle, as well as her mother Agnes, were quite intrigued with the new court chamberlain, Amalric of Lusignan. For he still bore the glamour of having been an intimate (whether real or claimed or assumed) of the world famous court of Eleanor of Aquitaine, Queen of the Troubadour Minstrelsy and Patron of the Courts of Love. An echo of which she may already have experienced with William Longsword, for the northern Italian court of Montferrat also had a reputation for encouraging Courtly Love and the Troubadour Minstrelsy. Amalric was of course already married to Eschiva of Ibelin but he now took the opportunity to laud the merits of his young brother Guy, who being distant was all the more attractive, given such romantic tales as that of Jaufre Rudel, Prince of Blay. Rudel, a lordly troubadour, traditionally conceived a great passion for 'a far princess' whom he had never met, allegedly the Countess of Tripoli. So much so that he set off on a hazardous sea voyage to meet her, at the end of which he died in her arms." (The Book of Melusine of Lusignan in History, Legend and Romance: 186)

A fighting man for lover of a widowed empress: "In an account purportedly written by someone close to the events and in a history composed by an English priest who was in Palestine ten years later there are references to a scandal involving Sibylla, the sister of King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and therefore Baldwin Le Bourcq's great-granddaughter. Aimery of Lusignan, who had a reputation as a fighting man, had settled in Palestine, where he had married the daughter of Baldwin of Ibelin, a descendant of Barisan the Old and one of the leading nobles. He had become the lover of Agnes of Courtenay, Sibylla's mother and Joscelin of Courtenay's granddaughter, and he had been appointed constable of the kingdom. He and Agnes set about persuading Sibylla, who had recently been widowed, to consider marrying hes brother Guy, whom Aimery went to France to fetch. Sibylla at once fell in love with Guy and shared his bead. This forced the king to agree to their marriage, which, according to William of Tyre, took place in the Easter season on 1180 'against custom'; in other words, it was a hurried affair." (The First Crusaders, 1095-1131: 190)

Bishop of Caesarea

"...The Patriarch Amalric died on 6 October. On 16 October the Chapter of Jerusalem, under pressure from the Lady Agnes, elected as his successor Heraclius, Archbishop of Caesarea. He was a barely literate priest from the Auvergne whose good looks Agnes had found irresistible; and her favour had procured his steady advancement. His present mistress was the wife of a draper at Nablus, Paschia de Riveri, who was soon to be known throughout the realm as Madame la Patriarchesse...." (Runciman, 1987, p. 425)

"...The Patriarch Heraclius had been the lover of Agnes de Courtenay, Baldwin IV and Sibylla’s mother, and had secured his appointment only because of the Queen Mother’s favor. His good looks seem to have been his only qualification for the post (Armstrong 2001). The Constable Amalric de Lusignan was Guy’s brother; he had also shared the bed of Agnes de Courtenay, and owed his position to Sibylla and her mother. . . ." (Sand & Lindgren)

" . . . Agnes of Courtenay, King Amalric's first wife's, [and] whose marriage had been annulled in 1163, but who was the leper king's mother . . . became powerful during his reign. She is held responsible for two decisions that had a baneful effect on the future of the kingdom: first, she persuaded her daughter Sibyl, the heir to the throne, to reject the suit of Baldwin of Ibelin and to marry a handsome but useless young man from France, Guy de Lusignan; secondly, she used her influence to secure the appointment of her former lover, Heraclius, who lived in open concubinage and was poorly educated, as patriarch of Jerusalem in preference to the learned and godly William of Tyre. . . ." (The Leper King and His Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: 2)
Maria of Antioch

(1145-1182)
Byzantine Empress.

Daughter of: Raymond de Poitiers Constance of Antioch.

Wife of: Manuel I Komnenos.

Her lover was:
Alexios
Protosebastos.

" . . . When Emperor Manuel died and the throne passed to the youngster Alexius II in September 1180, Maria saw her chance. Manuel's young, beautiful, frivolous, and spoiled widow abandoned herself and the empire into the hands of Alexius the protosebastos, a high official and a member of the imperial family. This scandalous liaison upset the entire court. The lover of the empress-dowager arrogantly assumed an almost imperial role. He also foolishly alienated his subjects, particularly the more ambitious courtiers, by his reliance upon the Latins, whose wealth and influence aroused bitter resentment. This pro-Latin policy had been Manuel's as well, but a policy disliked under a strong emperor became intolerable in the hands of the despicable paramour. Maria, Renier, and many nobles of the court plotted to overthrow the protosebastos, secretly harboring the aim of usurping her brother's throne for herself. . . ." (The Fourth Crusade: The Conquest of Constantinople: 28-29)
Assassinat Pierre de Lusignan, roi de Chypre.jpg
Assassination of Peter I
by Jean Froissart
Also known as:
Pierre I de Lusignan

Son ofHugues IV of Cyprus & Alice d'Ibelin.

Husband of:
1) Eschive de Montfort (d.1350) married 1342
2) Leonor de Aragon (1333-1416) married 1353

"Eleanor of Aragon had borne Peter two children, a son, who was to succeed him as king, and a daughter. According to Leontios Makhairas, whenever Peter was away from home he would have his servant put one of Eleanor's shirts by his bed,' . . . and when the king lay down to sleep he would take the shirt in his arms (because of the love which he had for the queen) and thus he would sleep'. Nevertheless, he took mistresses, and by 1367 his behaviour had become sufficiently notorious for the pope to issue a rebuke. The sources mention two women, both members of the lesser nobility: Joanna L'Aleman, concerning whom Leontius gave a lurid account of the queen's attempts to induce a miscarriage, and Eschiva of Scandelion. . . ." (The Kingdom of Cyprus and the Crusades, 1191-1374: 172)

His lovers were:
1) Eschive de Scandelion(d. after 1468)

Also known as:
Eschive de Nores de Scandelion
Eschiva of Skandelion.

Daughter ofLoys de Nores, Marshall of Cyprus & Marie de Montolive.

Wife of:
1. Renier Le Petit
2. Philippe de Lusignan, Prince of Cyprus (d.1466).

Her other lover was:
Jacques II of Cyprus.
[Fam1] [Fam1] [Ref1]

"Another mistress, Eschive de Scandelion, escaped the  vengeance of the Queen, since her husband was alive."  (Hill, 2010, p. 362)

2) Jeanne l'Aleman.
"There are two derivations for the name of Lemona. The first is that it was named after the beautiful Joanna l'Aleman. She was the mistress of the French King of Cyprus, Pierre De Lusignan I (1328-1369). Some villagers think that her palace lays buried under the tekniart site, and indeed tell tale carved stones have since been discovered on the site.  According to legend, when Pierre went to tour Europe to raise money for a crusade, his jealous wife Eleanor of Aragon (1358 -1382) imprisoned and tortured the pregnant Joanna.  When Pierre returned to Cyprus he released Joanna, and in order to placate him his wife is said to have built a church on a hill overlooking Lemona, carrying every stone without any assistance. The little church is still standing and is one of the landmarks of the area."  (Lemona)

One of the two dungeons in the castle.
"When Peter I left Cyprus, his mistress Joanna l'Aleman was eight months pregnant. The Queen, Eleanor of Aragon, had her brought along and subjected her to the heaviest torture, hoping that she would suffer a miscarriage. As this purpose was not achieved, she was sent home. The nurses received order to bring the child to the Queen immediately after its birth. The fate of the infant is not known, it can, however, be guessed without difficulty. The mother was ultimately thrown into this dungeon in the castle of Kyrenia - without food and in the same cloths she had given birth.

"When these incidents were reported to Peter in Italy, he swore revenge. After his letters reached the Queen, she released Joanna under the condition that she move into a convent. When Peter returned to Cyprus after one year he arranged for her release. According to the chronicler her beauty had not suffered under the enforced seclusion." (Kyrenia Castle)


"The last two or three months of Peter's life offer a melancholy contrast to the brilliant scenes which marked earlier passages in his reign. This handsome, attractive 'athlete of Christ,' as Urban liked to call him developed another side to his character. It seems certain that he was, at least sensually, attached to his wife Eleanor. But his affection for her did not prevent him from taking mistresses, and it was this scandal that indirectly brought about his ruin. The lady was Joanna l'Aleman, the widow of Sir John de Montolif,and Lady of Khoulou. That Peter was living in adultery with her, that he was parted from his wife, was matter of public knowledge, and may well have been a reason for the Pope's not having awarded to him the Golden Rose. . . ." (A History of Cyprus, Vol 2: 360)

"However, it seems Peter was known for another athleticism, because despite his devotion to his wife, Eleanor of Aragon, whose nightgown he was said to take with him on campaign, he also had at least two mistresses. It seems his sexual appetite, which perhaps drove him to cuckold some of his Cypriot nobles, as well as an increasingly dictatorial manner, not only alienated his court but his family as well. In 1369 a plot was hatched against him, which appears to have included his own brothers. After one of his mistresses, the appropriately named Eschide de Scandelion, left his chamber, a group of nobles burst in and stabbed Peter to death -- it is significant that the commander of his cavalry, James de Nores, castrated the dead body of the king, seemingly making a very clear statement." (A Traveller's History of Cyprus: 82)

" . . . The most extravagant and activist sovereign Peter I (reigned 1358-69) . . . [was] an inveterate womanizer [who] . . . was in the arms of one of his two mistresses when certain nobles, tired of his increasingly erratic behaviour and disregard for feudal law, burst into the bedchamber and murdered him." (Cyprus: 409)

Robert de Courtenay

(1201-1228)
Her lover was:
Lady of Neuville.

" . . . However, the intransigence of the emperor Robert of Courtenay put paid to any such hopes. His refusal to marry Eudokia Laskarina had something to do with his love for a Frankish woman settled in Constantinople, who was the daughter of a knight killed at Adrianople. There were those in the Latin baronage who found this relationship offensive. They burst into Robert's private apartments in the Blachernai palace, cut off the nose and lips and of the emperor's mistress and drowned her mother. This humiliation was too much for the emperor, who departed for Rome, hoping to win support against his barons from the papacy. He died in 1228 en route back to Constantinople." (
Identities and Allegiances in the Eastern Mediterranean after 1204: 53)

" . . . A disgraceful feud in the Byzantine Palace finally drove Robert from a throne which he wanted courage to defend against either foreign or domestic enemies.To avenge his seduction of the affianced bride of a Burgundian gentleman, the infuriated lover burst with a band of his friends into the imperial retreat, barbarously mutilated the beauty of his fair mistress, cast the mother, who had pandered to her falsehood, into the Hellespont, and openly braved the power of her paramour. When Robert demanded the assistance of his barons to punish this unpardonable outrage upon the laws of humanity and the majesty of the purple, they justified the act, and made common cause with the criminal; and the craven prince, too impotent to enforce retribution for the cruel offence and affront which he had provoked, abandoned his throne, and appealed to the judgment of the Papal Court. But the Pope was unwilling to commit his authority to the hazard of so profitless a quarrel; and the imperial exile was hurried by grief or pride to a premature grave." (History of the Crusades: Their Rise, Progress, and Results: 147)
File:Filippo-dangio.jpg
Filippo of Taranto
@Wikipedia

(1278-1332).
Prince of Tarento
Despot of Romania
Lord of Durazzo
Prince of Achaia
Emperor of Constantinople 1313.

Son ofCarlo II di Napoli & Maria of Hungary.

Husband of:
1. Thamar Komnene Dukaina, Despota of Epirus (1277-1309), mar 1294, div 1309 

2. Catherine II de Valois (1303-1346), mar 1313, Titular Empress of Constantinople & Princess of Achaia. 

His lover was:
Unnamed mistress.

Natural offspring:

Queen of Cyprus
(1333-1417)

Daughter of Pedro de Aragon, Conde de Ribagorza, Ampurias & Prades & Jeanne de Foix

Wife of: Pierre I of Cyprus (1328-1369), mar 1353

Her lover was:
Jean de Morphou, Comte de Roucha.

"Hard upon the news about Joanna came a report from John Visconte, whom Peter had left in charge of his household, that Queen Eleanor was the mistress of John de Morphou, the Count of Roucha.Their amour, it was said, was matter of public talk. The King's brothers questioned Visconte, who at first denied the truth of the report; who, he asked, can control popular gossip? Nevertheless they persuaded him that it was better that he rather than anyone else should convey the report to the King. His letter protested that he did not himself believe in the Queen's infidelity, but he begged Peter to come and examine into the matter, and hoped to be proved a liar. The news threw the King into a fit of profound despondency. . . He found it difficult to get at the truth about the reports concerning Eleanor. . . ." (A History of Cyprus, Vol 2: 362)

" . . . For during his absence he had received reports not only of the unfaithfulness of his wife, queen Eleanor, with John of Morphou, titular count of Edessa ('Rochas'), but of Eleanor's ill-treatment of one of his two favorite mistresses, Joan l'Aleman. . . ." (A History of the Crusades: 359)

" . . . While Peter was in the West in 1367-8 rumours began to circulate that the queen was in her turn had taken a lover, John of Morphou, the marshal of Cyprus and since 1365 titular count of Edessa. It is difficult to know whether there was any substance to them, although there is no indication that the pair had any association after Peter's death when presumably there would have been less cause for discretion." (The Kingdom of Cyprus & the Crusades, 1191-1374: 172)


Her lover was:
Bartolomeo Siginulfo
Conte di Caserta.

" . . . In 1309 Thamar was charged with adultery and made to confess that she had deceived her husband with at least forty of the leading lords of his court. The chief offender was the Count of Caserta, Bartolomeo Siginulfo, whom Charles II had appointed as Grand Chamberlain of his court only two years earlier. He was a married man and getting on in years. It was alleged that his wickedness was compounded by his implication in a plot to have Philip of Taranto assassinated. Some say that the charges against him were never proved; others that he was tried and condemned on both counts in 1311.(Nicol, 1996, pp. 30-31)
Thomas Prelubovich & Maria Angelina
@Wikipedia

Queen of Epirus
1384-1385.

Daughter of: Stephen Uros, Emperor of Serbia & Thomais Orsini.

Wife of: 
1. Thomas Preljubovic, mar 1366
2. Esau de' Buondelmonti, Despot in Ioannina, mar 1385

Her lover was:
Despot in Ioannina.

Son ofManente Buondelmonti, Florentine aristocrat & Lapa Acciaiuoli, sister of Niccolo Acciaiuoli of Corinth.

Husband of:
1. Maria Angelina Doukaina Palaiologina, mar 1385.
2. Irene Bua Spata
3. Eudokia Balsic.

The queen falls madly in love.
"The Buondelmonti family came from Florence and were connected with the wealthy banking family of the Acciajuoli. Esau was young and adventurous and he seems to have been glad to be invited to seek his fortune on the mainland of Greece and to do so by marrying the basilissa Maria Angelina. There is a strong suspicion that they were already more than mere acquaintances. The Chronicle of Ioannina breathes no word of scandal about its pious heroine, except to record the vile insinuations of the traitor Apsaras. But another account has it that Esau had helped her to accomplish the murder of her Serbian husband. . . . " (The Despotate of Epiros, 1267-1479:157)

From lover to husband.
" . . . [I]n December 1384, the proposal that Esau should marry Maria found favour with all parties. On Januart 1385 he entered Ioannina to the unanimous applause of the citizens who acclaimed him as their new Despot. His engagement to Maria was announced and arrangements were made for the wedding. Maria had no female relatives of her own to act as her sponsor (paranymphos). She therefore sent for the wife of Alexios Angelos, the Caesar of Thessaly, who was a elative by marriage; and the kaisarissa was escorted to Ioannina by Maria's younger brother, Stephen. The wedding cetermony wa then performed, to the great delight of the citizens who celebrated the occasion with joyful festivities." (The Despotate of Epiros 1267-1479: 158)

Nerio I Acciaiuoli
Duke of Athens

His lover was:
Maria Rendi (d.1394)

"...Nerio made his favourite daughter, the Countess of Cephalonia, his principal heiress; to her he bequeathed his castles of Megara, Sikyon, and Corinth, while to his natural son, Antonio, he left the government of Thebes, Livadia, and all beyond it.  The bastard's mother, Maria Rendi, daughter of the ever-serviceable Greek notary who had been so prominent in the last years of the Catalan domination, and had retained his position under the new dynasty, her lover granted the full franchise, with the right to retain all her property, including, perhaps, the spot between Athens and the Piraeus which still preserves the name of her family...."  (Essays on the Latin Orient, n.d. , p. 139

Offspring:  "...Nerio, however, had no legitimate male heirs; his only son Antonio, was the child of his mistress Maria Rendi...."  (Setton, 1969, pp. 254-255)

"Among other bequests, Nerio left Antonio Acciajuoli, his son by Maria Rendi, the castle of Livadia and his property therein, as well as the city of Thebes.  To his eldest daughter Batolommea, who had married the despot of Mistra, Theodore I Palaeologus, Nerio left only the 9,700 ducats of gold 'which the despot, her husband, took from the signoria of Venice.'  Herio had made the sum good; Theodore had never repaid him.  But what Bartolommea got, her husband got, and so Nerio directed that she should be allowed no other claim against his estate... Nerio made his daughter Frances his chief heiress possibly because he had no trouble with her husband, Charles Tocco, who thus stood to gain most from the success of the Accialuoli in Greece.  Frances was to receive immediately 'peaceful possession' of the castle of Megara, the Basilicata (the ancient Sicyon), and 30,000 hyperpyron in money and jewels.  She was in fact to receive all Nerio's lands except those which went to others by specific bequests.  If she had children by the time of his death, she was to take over these lands immediately, but in any event they were to become hers in three years.  Finally, Frances was to receive Corinth, of the grand seneschal Robert Accialuoli, son of the Angelo who had mortgaged the city to Nerio, did not wish 'to repay the money which he owes me.'  (Setton, 1969, pp. 256-257)


Personal & Family Background:  Maria was the daughter of Demetrios Rendi.  "...Maria Rendi was the daughter of a Greek notary.  She became the lover of Neri (sic) di Jacopo Acciaiuoli and the mother of Antonio, who inherited his father's kingdom in Thebes...."  (Lawless) [Ref1]

File:John Poitiers-Lusignan 1418-58.jpeg
Jean II of Cyprus
@Wikipedia
(1432.1458)

Husband of:
1. Medea of the Palaeologina of Montferrat

2. Helena Palaeologina, daughter of Theodore II Palaeologina, Despot of the Morea. 

His lover was:
"...He also had a mistress, Marietta of Patras, who gave both to James who was to be John's successor.  Perhaps not surprising Helena hated Marietta and it is said bit off her nose in a fight.  This fight was witnessed by John who is reported to have been flattered by this display of jealousy and the contest for his affection." (Boatswain, 2005, p. 86)

Natural offspring:  "John and Helena had two daughters, Cleopatra, who died in infancy, and the subsequent queen Charlotte, but no son; and it was inevitable that some eyes should turn towards James, the king's son by Marietta of Patras, then growing up a youth of outstanding parts: handsome, of good address, high-spirited, and determined.  His father adored the lad, but Helena presently saw in him a potential menace to the rights of succession of her daughter Charlotte.  About 1453 John caused the thirteen-year-old boy to be elected to the vacant archbishopric of Nicosia and begged pope Nicholas V to confirm the appointment, being instigated, according to Aeneas Sylvius, by Helena, who hoped that by being side-tracked into a miter James would be disqualified from the crown.  The pope's reply was a refusal, consistently maintained; nevertheless, the king placed his son in possession of the temporalities of the see and housed him, with his mother, now known as Komomytene ('the Crop-nosed), in the archepiscopal palace.  Probably James never received more than minor orders."  (A History of the Crusades: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries:377-378)


Physical Traits and Personal Character:  "...John is described as tall and handsome like his father, but he is accused of weakness and the Pope, Pius II, condemned him as 'cowardly and vile in spirit' and 'living the life of sloth, gluttony and lust'.  He is best known in popular tradition as a man ruled by the women in his life...."  (Boatswain, 2005, p. 85)
Guy de Lusignan
King of Jerusalem
(1150-1194)

His lover was:
Sibyla.jpg
Sibylla of Jerusalem

Countess of Jaffa & Ascalon 1176
Queen of Jerusalem 1186.

Daughter of
Amalric I of Jerusalem Agnes de Courtenay.


"In 1180 she took as her lover Guy of Lusignan, of whom her brother the king disapproved on the grounds that he was a weak and foolish boy.  When the king discovered this relationship, he wanted to put Guy to death, but at the request of the Templars, he reluctantly allowed Sibylla to marry him.  The marriage produced two daughters.  Guy was to prove the king's estimation of him was correct.  Baldwin IV, from his sickbed, first appointed Guy regent, then rescinded the order, banished him, and proclaimed Sibylla's son Baldwin V as his heir.  Baldwin V died in 1185, but the child died only one year later." (Jackson-Laufer, 1999, p. 363)

Zoe Karbonopsina
Zoe of Megara.

Her lover was:
Romeo de Bellarbre.
"The parliament was under the dominance of Romeo de Bellarbre, castellan and captain of Athens, and Galceran of Peralta had become merely 'our former governor' as he languished in his Theban prison... When preparing their petition in May, however, the Catalans had informed the king that if he could not immediately send them the strong governor they needed, they would be pleased to have 'as our official and governor of Athens the most honored Don Romeo de Bellarbre, who knows the desperate conditions in the said city and the poverty and anxiety of its people.'  Indeed, they had hoped it would please his majesty to give Bellarbre a lifetime appointment to the post. Peter replied that he had conferred upon Dalmau all the offices in the two duchies, both castellanies and captaincies, but he did bestow upon Bellarbre a lifetime command of the Acropolis as well as certain estates confiscated from those who had been guilty of treachery during the Navarese invasion. Bellarbre's Greek mistress, Zoe of Megara, by whom he had had children, was granted the Catalan franchise with the customary rights of acquiring and disposing of property." (The History of the Crusades: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries: 225-226)

" . . . (H)e did bestow upon Bellarbre a lifetime command of the Acropolis as well as certain estates confiscated from those who had been guilty of treachery during the Navarese invasion.  Bellarbre's Greek mistress, Zoe of Megara, by whom he had had children, was granted the Catalan franchise with the customary rights of acquiring and disposing of property."  (Setton, 1969, p. 226)

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