Sunday, August 16, 2020

French Dukes----

File:Louis Vigée - Portrait d'Adrien-Louis de Bonnières, comte de Souastre, duc de Guines (1735-1801).jpg
Adrien-Louise de Bonnieres
Duke of Guines
@Wikipedia
(1735-1806)
French nobleman, military officer
court favourite & diplomat.
Favourite of Queen Marie-Antoinette.

Son of: Guy-Louis de Bonniere, Comte de Souatre & Adrienne-Louise-Isabelle de Melun.

Husband of: Caroline-Francoise-Philippine de Montmorency-Longny (1733-1810), mar 1753, daughter of Louis-Francois de Montmorency, Vicomte de Roulers & Marie Anne Thérèse de Rym de Belhem.

Personal & family background.
" . . . De Guines had served in the French army during the Seven Years War, rising to the rank of Marshal. He then became French ambassador to Prussia, where he had negotiated with King Frederick the Great. Now thirty-eight, he was known as a clever persuader, a wit, and a lover of all the arts, including that of seduction. He was an excellent performer on the flute. Elizabeth wrote of him 'The Comte de Guisnes was the best flute-player I never heard, and his taste in music was exquisite.' When in Prussia he played duets with King Frederick and it was Guines who commissioned Mozart's concerto for the flute and harp. Even Mozart said the Comte was a very good player (though not a very good payer - he never gave Mozart more than half the promised fee.)." (Elizabeth Craven: Writer, Feminist and European: 42)
Elizabeth, Lady Craven
@Wikipedia 
His lover was:
Elizabeth Berkeley (1750-1828)
Lady Craven
Lover in 1773-?

British aristocrat, author & playwright

Personal & family background.
"Elizabeth, Lady Berkeley (1750-1828), was a granddaughter of Lady Louisa Lennox and a great-great-granddaughter of Charles II, a lineage that she felt secured her identification among the most elite of English subjects: 'a proud Plantagenet'. Married at seventeen to William, 6th Baron Craven, in her twenties and thirties Lady Craven attracted the attention of contemporaries, and the public, for her loveliness, her literary productions, and a series of romantic entanglements. . . ." (Spaces for Feeling: Emotions and Sociabilities in Britain, 1650-1850)

"It is at times difficult to imagine a more fascinating character. Elizabeth Berkeley was born on 17 December 1750, the youngest daughter of Augustus, 4th Earl of Berkeley. Seventeen years later she was married to William Craven, who would become Baron Craven in 1769. Monogamy was not their strong suit. They had six children and numerous affairs. What is interesting is that these infidelities were in no way discreet. In 1773, Lady Craven conducted a remarkably public affair with Adrien-Louise de Bonniers, duc de Guines. He was the French ambassador to London, and the affair was sensationalized in the Town and Country Magazine. George Romney, competing with Sir Joshua Reynolds for the most fashionable sitters, was fully aware of Lady Craven's notoriety and her beauty when he painted her portrait in 1778. It was also during this period that she developed literary relationships with Horace Walpole, Samuel Johnson, and James Boswell. In 1783, Baron Craven formally separated from his wife by settling 1,500 pounds per annum on her. She left England with her youngest son to reside near Versailles. Life Defoe's Roxana, her departure and her husband's subsequent actions against her meant that she was permanent;y alienated from her child." (Engaging the Ottoman Empire: Vexed Mediations, 1690-1815: 306)

Affair's effect on the spouse & family.
" . . . Our first glimpse of her is in connection with Adrien-Louis de Bonnieres, Duke de Guines, the French Ambassador to the court of St. James. Town and Country reports 'an amorous conflict' in May 1773: Lord craven had discovered the couple in a compromising situation at a masquerade ball. De Guines thus represents one likely candidate for the 'Lady Craveling' caricature lover. There were infidelities on both sides of the marriage, but the scandal of this and other flirtations attached most publicly to Lady Craven, and the couple had agreed on a separation by the early 1780s. In 1784, Lady Craven relocated to the Continent for an extended tour with an annual allowance of 1,500 pounds and her youngest son, Keppel. Her older six children were kept from her, but her husband gave her assurances that she could continue to exchange correspondence with her older daughters." (Spaces for Feeling)

" . . . The liaison between Lady Craven and the Comte de Guines was known to all the town, for, far from taking the usual precautions, the made no secret of it, and every one knew how intimate they were." (Maugras: 298)

Elizabeth, Lady Craven's other lovers were:
1. Henry Vernon

"Effectively in exile, Craven travelled for two years through France, Italy, Germany, Russia, and the Crimea, before returning to Europe via Turkey and Greece. Her latest lover, 'cousin' Henry Vernon (a second potential subject of the engraving) accompanied her. Craven remained a news item on and off the Continent, and for some she represented a spectacle to rival the European sights. Jeremy Bentham, in a letter from Florence (23 September 1785), describes 'Lady Craven and her friend Mr. Vernon' as among the most extraordinary  curiosities and inanimate that I have seen or shall see.'. . . ." (Spaces for Feeling)
Aimee de Coigny
Duchess of Fleury
 
(1769-1820)
Daughter of Auguste-Gabriel de Franquetot, Comte de Coigny (1740-1817), Colonel of Dragoons 1763, Marechal-de-Camp 1780, Lieutenant-General 1811 & Anne-Joséphine-Michèle de Roissy

Wife of André Hercule Marie Louis de Rosset de Roscozel, Marquis de Fleury, Duc de Fleury, mar 1784, sep 1793


"Aimée de Coigny (12 October 1769 – 17 January 1820) was a French noblewoman who was known as a great beauty and was imprisoned during the French Revolution. André Chénier's elegy la Jeune Captive, published in 1795, was inspired by her ordeal. She married twice, and divorced both men. She had the relaxed sexual morals of the elite in France during that period." (Science Train)


"Aimée became a famous beauty. Madame de Genlis, an intimate friend, wrote of her in her memoirs, I saw again with great pleasure; at Isle-Adam, the young Comtesse de Coigny, formerly Mademoiselle de Roissy, with whom I had been close at the Couvent du Précieux-Sang. She had originality, wit and good feelings; we renewed our acquaintance; she told me that she had a passion for anatomy, a very extraordinary taste in a young woman of eighteen. Since I had been somewhat occupied with surgery and medicine, and knew how to bleed, Madame de Coigny was very fond of chatting with me. I promised to do an anatomy class, but not like her, on corpses ...'" (Science Train)


"Coigny was a famous beauty also known as the duchesse de Fleury. Her first husband was André-Hercule-Marie-Louis de Rosset de Roscozel de Perignan, marquis, duc de Fleury, whom she married in 1784 and divorced in May 1793. Her second marriage was to Claude-Philibert-Hippolyte de Mouret, comte de Montrond. She was divorced from him in 1802 and was known thereafter as Mme Aimee de Coigny (Byron's "Corbeau Blanc": The Life and Letters of Lady Melbourne: 423)

Her lovers were:
1) Andre Cheniers.

2) Armand-Louis de Gontaut. Duc de Lauzun (1747-1793).

" . . . She married very young, as was common at the time. She was 15 when she married the comte de Fleury, who was fourteen. He became a duke in 1788. He was subject to nervous tics that were very disagreeable, and the marriage was not happy. Aimee became the mistress of the Armand Louis de Gontaut Duke of Lauzun (1747–1793), a well-known libertine, if past his prime. . . ." (Science Train)

3) Bruno-Gabriel-Pail, Marquis de Boisgelin (1767-1827)
Master of the King's Wardrobe 1814, Peer of France 1815, Colonel of the National Guard of Paris 1820, First Chamberlain to the King 1820

4) Jacques-Joseph Garat.
French politician

" . . . At the age of 31 Aimée de Coigny, once more free, fell in love with the 37 year old Jacques Joseph Garat (known as Maillia-Garat). He was a member of the Tribunát and was known as an orator but was not known as a republican. They lived together for six years. . . ." (Science Train)
James Harris
1st Earl of Malmesbury
@Wikipedia
5) James Harris, 1st Earl of Malmesbury.
English diplomat
Lover in 1791

" . . . During a visit to Rome she became attached to Lord Malmesbury. . . Aimée's husband Fleury emigrated during the French Revolution (1789–99), leaving France in 1791. He joined Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé's army at Koblenz. Aimée went to London, where she rejoined Malmesbury. She gave birth to Malmesbury's child in London. In January 1793 she left London for Paris with Lord Malmesbury. He was soon arrested, but was released almost immediately and returned to London, leaving his mistress. She retired to her personal estate at Mareuil-en-Brie, near Paris. On 7 May 1793 she obtained a divorce against her husband. She then resumed the name of Coigny. . . ." (Science Train)

6) Casimir de Mouret, Comte de Montrond.

" . . . Casimir de Mouret, Comte de Montrond, was also imprisoned in 1794 in the Prison Saint-Lazare, where he met Aimée de Coigny. He obtained her freedom and his own for a payment of 100 louis. She was released on the day she was due to follow Chénier to the scaffold. They married after the Thermidorian Reaction of 27 July 1794 and left together for England. Their married life in London was not successful. . . The marriage with Montrond went from bad to worse from 1800 onward. The divorce due to incompatibility between Aimée de Coigny and her husband was pronounced on 6 Germinal year X (28 March 1802). Aimée again became known as Madame Aimée de Coigny. . . ." (Science Train)
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand
1st Duke of Benevento
the Prince of Diplomats

(1754-1838)
Bishop of Autun
Comte de Talleyrand-Perigord.

"Perhaps the most interesting and influential member of Madame de Stael's salon was Talleyrand, then Bishop of Autun.  Born in 1754, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord had forfeited his rights of primogeniture as a result of a fall in infancy which had left his feet permanently crippled, and had entered the church.  Embittered and amoral, noted for his sarcastic wit, his exquisite tact and his languid inactivity, Talleyrand was as notorious for his love affairs as he was famous as a brilliant speaker.

List of Talleyrand's mistresses.
  1. Adelaide de Flahaut (Lover in 1783-1792)
    • "Gouverneur Morris loved pleasure as much as he loved business---and he also loved the beautiful Countess de Flahaut. She was a young woman, the wife of an old husband, the daughter of a former mistress of Louis XV and herself the acknowledged mistress of Talleyrand. She lived in an apartment in the ancient palace of the Louvre which had come to her as the reward of her mother's frailty; and here she almost daily entertained her admirers." (Talleyrand)
  2. Aimee de Coigny, Duchess de Fleury (b/w 1797 & 1812-1818)
  3. Anne-Charlotte de Lorraine, Abbesse de Remiremont (Lover in 1780-1782)
    • " . . . She did finally turn on Madame de Brionne, blocking her international campaign to make Talleyrand---the lover of Anne-Charlotte, of Madame de Brionne's daughter-in-law (the beautiful princesse de Vaudemont), and probably Madame de Brionne herself---a cardinal, by enlisting Mercy to put countepressure on the Pope through Austria's ambassador in Rome. Yet Marie-Antoinette did not turn on the house of Lorraine as a whole, but to the contrary, conspicuously continued to protect Madame de Brionne's two sons. At no poit did Lambesc become persona non grate at the court, as evidenced by the king's willingness to grant Lambesc's vehement petition for privileged seating . . ." (Marie Antoinette: Writings on the Body of a Queen: 183)
  4. Anne-Charlotte Dorothee de Medem, Duchess of Kurland (1809-1812)
  5. Anne-Francoise Elisabeth Lange (1797)
  6. Anne-Louise de Goyon-Matignon
  7. Augustine-Francoise Eleonore Guesnon (1809)
  8. Bonne-Charlotte Renee Adelaide de Montmorency-Luxembourg (1788)
    • "Adrien, Duke of LAVAL. Adrien de Montmorency, Duke of Laval, was born in 1768 of one of the numerous marriages between blood relations of the Montmorency family, formerly very powerful. He marries in 1788 his cousin Bonne-Charlotte de Montmorency-Luxembourg." (Talleyrand, The Prince of diplomats)
  9. Catherine-Jeanne Tavernier de Boullogne
  10. Catherine-Noele Worlee (1794-1802)
  11. Charlotte-Louise-Aglae Perrette Bontemps
  12. Dorothea von Kurland, Duchess of Dino (1815)
  13. Elzelina van Aylde-Jongle (1801)
  14. Emilie-Jeanne-Marie-Antoinette Bigottini de La Valteline (1814)
  15. Germaine de Stael (1788)
  16. Guyonne-Elisabeth-Josephe de Montmorency-Laval (1776)
  17. Henriette-Amelie de Nehra (1786-1788)
  18. Isabelle Poniatowska (bef 1807)
  19. Juliette Bernard
  20. Louise-Auguste Elisabeth Colette de Montmorency (1784)
  21. Louise de Montmorency, Princesse de Vaudemont
  22. Marguerite Barrois (1746-1825)
  23. Louise-Julie Constance de Rohan (1734-1815)
  24. Marguerite-Josephine Weimer (1804)
  25. Marie-Antoinette Rosalie Pauline de Quelen d'Estueart de Caussade de La Vauguyon (1809). Marie-Antoinette-Rosalie Pauline, Duchess of BAUFFREMONT. Marie-Antoinette-Rosalie Pauline de Quelen de la Vauguyon was born in 1771. In 1787 she marries in Saint-Ildefonse (Spain) Alexandre-Emmanuel-Louis de Bauffremont, named the Prince, and later the Duke of Bauffremont (1773-1833). About 1808, she strikes up an intense friendship with the Prince of Bénévent, friendship that, as it is always the attitude with Talleyrand towards women, will last all her life long. She was called "Talleyrand's big goose because of her long neck and her unlimited admiration" for the Prince. Princess Hélène de Bauffremont (1774-1836) was her sister-in-law and the second of her sons, Théodore, marries in 1819 young Laurence de Montmorency, elder sister of the future Duchess of Valençay, Alix de Montmorency. Duchess of Bauffremont's husband dies of cholera in 1833 and she dies in 1847." (Talleyrand, The Prince of diplomats)
  26. Marie-Claudine Sylvie de Thiard de Bissy (1754-1812)
  27. Marie-Josephe Therese de Lorraine-Elbeuf (1784-1786)
  28. Marie-Therese Poniatowska (1806/07)
  29. Victoire Oeben (1797)
  30. Wilhelmina, Duchesse de Sagan (1814)
His lovers were:
Adelaide de Flahaut
1) Adelaide de Flahaut (1761-1836)
Lover in 1783-1792.

" . . . Madame de Flahaut's other lover was Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord, then a Catholic bishop. Her husband was a political cipher, but her clerical lover was razor-sharp, destined for great things, and Madame de Flahaut and Morris kibitzed his career from the sidelines. . . ." (George Washington on Leadership: 148) (Brookhiser: 148)

"From 1783 to 1792, Talleyrand’s mistress was the Countess Adelaïde de Flahaut. The couple had a child, born in 1785, whom they named Charles, after his natural father. Charles de Flahaut would later become the lover of Queen Hortense and the father of the Duke de Morny, the half-brother of Napoleon III." (Combaluzier)


2) Amy, Maria & Sophia Gauchier.

"In the vicinity of Count de Peregord's (sic) palace, resided in the Rue de Bacq, Madame Gauchier, a widow with five children, three of whom were daughters. Her husband, a Swiss by birth, had early entered the French service, and from his merit had risen from the ranks to be a captain and knight of the order of St. Louis. Wounded in Germany during the seven years war, he survived the peace of 1767, which concluded it, only two years. The scanty pension allowed his widow by government was not sufficient to support her family, she therefore became a mantua-maker, and brought up her daughters to the same trade. Their industry and regularity were the common topics of conversation, and the admiration of all their good neighbours until the spring of 1769, when, on a fatal day, the charms of the girls excited the attention and desire of the young debauche Talleyrand. Poor and artless, by splendid presents and brilliant offers their innocence was soon allured by the insidious snares of seduction. In less than six months Maria and Amy, the one aged eighteen, the other sixteen, were in a state of pregnancy; and were persuaded by their base seducers to take some drugs in order to cause miscarriages. Of what ingredients these drugs were composed is best known to Talleyrand, but so dreadful were their effects, they immediately deprived Amy of life and Maria of her reason; and the wretched mother accompanied, on the same day, one of her daughters to the grave, and the other to a mad house! So little did she suspect the real author of her misery, that she continued to receive, with distinction, the visits of the assassin; consulted him as a friend, a revered him as a benefactor. She had, however, soon occasion to repent of her simplicity, and to deplore her ignorance. Her third daughter, Sophia, on her fourteenth birth-day, during the carnival of 1770, eloped from her distressed parent. After many fruitless searches, the police was applied to; but, in such a manner had Talleyrand planned the retreat of his new victim, that, until mid-summer, the police spies could not find out her place of concealment. Had not the female accomplice, in whom he trusted, betrayed his secrets, no one could probably even have known (italicized phrase illegible in text). Among other virtuous persons, feeling for the sufferings, and interesting themselves in behalf of the unfortunate Madame Gauchier, the humane and generous Duke of Penthievre was the foremost; he offered a reward of 3000 livres (125 pounds) to any person who should discover the abode of the lost child. This sum was too strong a temptation for the woman in whose house, and under whose care the girl had resided in the Rue St. Antoin to resist; and poor Sophia Gauchier was taken in the arms of her seducer, being in a fair way to become a mother. In her room was a box containing pills which were intended, according to Sophia's confession, for the purpose of producing abortion. These, after being examined and compared with the drugs found in the corpse of the poisoned Amy, leave little doubt who was the real perpetrator of that crime; who, besides, from juvenile indiscretion, or depraved vanity, had boasted of his intrigues with, and gloried in the ruin of the two elder sisters, as well as in that of the youngest. At the recommendation, and under the protection of the Duke of Penthievre, Sophia was received in the convent of the Urselines (sic), in the Bois de Boulogne, near Paris; where, notwithstanding the tender attention and religious consolation of the abbess, she shortly expired, in consequence of a premature delivery; her death was, in two days, followed by that of her mother, from a broken heart, and the same tomb contained them both. Talleyrand had hardly finished the first year of his fourth lustrum, when these atrocious deeds were committed, the perpetration of which afforded a fatal presage of the cool and deliberate crimes, since committed by the patricide and apostate bishop, by the regicide and revolutionary minister. When the Count de Peregord was informed of his nephew's consummate infamy, a family council was convoked; some wished to have the young monster sent away, and exiled to the colonies for life, whilst others, not to expose the honour of their name by new atrocities in new climates, proposed a petition to the king for a Lettre-de-Cachet. This was attained, and in October, 1770, Talleyrand was seized at a gambling house in the Palais Royal, and confined in the Bastille, under the name of Abbe Boiteux. From this state prison he was, in the following December, removed to the castle of Vincennes, where he continued in solitary confinement for twelve months. . . ." (Memoirs of C.M. Talleyrand de Perigord, Vol 1: 8)

Vicomtesse de Laval
Lover in 1775-1791.
French courtier

Wife ofMathieu-Paul-Louis de Montmorency, Vicomte de Laval

" . . . An admired beauty she became involved in various romantic liaisons. She survived the horrors of the revolution, and became a member of the old court at the Faubourg St. Germain in Paris, where, then aged over fifty, she became the mistress of the Comte de Narbonne, and established a brilliant salon, which was frequented by the Prince de Talleyrand. After the Bourbon restoration (1814), Madame de Laval attended the courts of Louis XVII and Charles X. Madame de Laval was mentioned in letters of the British antiquarian Sir Horace Walpole." (A Bit of History)

Catherine-Noele Worlee
4) Catherine-Noele WorleePrincesse de Benavente (1762-1834)
French courtesan & aristocrat.
Lover in 1794-1802.

Daughter of: Jean-Pierre Verlee (d.1786)

Husband of:

1. Georges-Francois Grand, British civil servant, mar 1777.

2. Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord, 
mar 1802, sep 1816.

" . . . Although Talleyrand exhibited detached, unprejudiced discernment in selecting both his wines and his governments, he inexplicably succumbed to Madame Grand, nee Catherine Noelle Worlee (1762-1835). She was a blond, blue-eyed stunner immortalized on canvas by Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun and Gerard, but in contrast to the highly cultivated women with whom the bishop habitually cavorted, Madame Grand was as stupid as Talleyrand was witty. At one legendary dinner she purportedly mistook the guest of honor, Sir George Robinson, for Robinson Crusoe and politically inquired after the health of Friday." (Young. Apples of Gold in Settings of Silver: Stories of Dinner as a Work of Art: 200)

Her other lovers were.
1. Sir Philip Francis
Dorothea von Medem
Duchess of Courland

Daughter ofFriedrich von Medem Louise Charlotte von Manteuffel.

" . . . In Vienna, the Prince de Talleyrand was accompanied by Dorothée de Courlande, wife of his nephew, Edmond de Périgord. Dorothée would remain with the Prince until his death as his mistress and keeper of his household. Later, Dorothée would give birth to a daughter named Pauline, whom Talleyrand treated like his own. There are those who believe he was her father, but there is no real proof." (Combaluzier, 1997)

" . . . In Vienna, the Prince de Talleyrand was accompanied by Dorothée de Courlande, wife of his nephew, Edmond de Périgord. Dorothée would remain with the Prince until his death as his mistress and keeper of his household. Later, Dorothée would give birth to a daughter named Pauline, whom Talleyrand treated like his own. There are those who believe he was her father, but there is no real proof." (Combaluzier, 1997)


6) Doudou.


Talleyrand's black mistress in Philadelphia:  " . . . Talleyrand's most grievous insult to the manners, customs, and polite conventions, which prevailed at that time, was his habit of walking the streets of Philadelphia with a Nagro woman on his arm." (Talleyrand in Philadelphia, 1794-1796: 291)

" . . . The anecdotes of his exile in America are well told---we see the ex-bishop trudging the forests to sell off chunks of real estate and parading openly with his black mistress, Doudou, to the disgust of the Quakers of Philadelphia. . . ." (Chicago Tribune)


" . . . In England he made friends with other Frenchmen who had supported the revolution and fled there. But then England turned against Talleyrand as France executed their king and he was expelled as a spy. He moved to the US, and shocked the nation by taking a Caribbean mistress." (European History)
Germaine de Stael
Madame de Stael
7) Germaine Necker, Baronne de Stael-Holstein.

" . . . Talleyrand was probably Madame de Stael's first lover; although he was the only one of the men she had loved with whom she did not maintain a lifelong friendship. . . ." (Madame de Stael)

" . . . Her first lover, Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand, then the powerful bishop of Autun, was to become the foremost diplomat of Europe under the monarchy, the Revolution, the Empire, and the Restoration. . . ." (Folkenflik: 7)

". . . Before seeing her beloved [Montmorency] in England again, another friend awaited her. Perhaps an old lover since about 1788, and said to have been introduced to her by Narbonne, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord, ex-Archbishop d'Autun and future Prince of Benavente (1754-1838), 'the best of men,' as she then called him, ceased to be in her good graces some time around 1800, because he turned away from her to enter the service of Bonaparte, despite everything he owed her, i.e. his return from exile in America, a large financial loan and the launching of a career. At first seduced by his conversation, his subtle charm and his virile intelligence, she later accused him of being over-ambitious, excessively egotistic and having the pliability which Napoleon more or less directly imposed on those in his service. . . . " (Madame de Stael: 43)
Juliette Bernard
the Darling of Europe
8) Juliette Bernard (1777-1849)
French society leader.
Louise d'Esparbes de Lussan
Comtesse de Polastron

Wife ofJoseph-Marie de Lorraine, Prince de Vaudemont, mar 1778
[Bio2:talleyrand.org]

"She emigrates in 1791, settles down in Altona, near Hamburg... It is not excluded that, on her way back from exile in America, via Hamburg, Talleyrand meets her. Under the Consulate and the Empire Madame de Vaudemont is often seen in the salons, especially the one on rue de Bac and she has her own in Suresnes. The meetings with the Prince of Benevente are more and more frequent, each time more familiar and more confident." (talleyrand.org)
Victoire Oeben
10) Victoire Oeben (1758-1814)

Daughter of: Jean-Francois Oeben & Francoise-Marguerite Vandercruse

Wife of: Charles Delacroix (1741-1805), mar 1778

" . . . According to an insistent rumor, which circulated in Parisian salons and which was taken up by many biographers of the painter, Victoire would have shared her favors between her husband and Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord (1754-1838): the latter had precisely succeeded Charles Delacroix as Minister of External Relations. . . ." (Geneanet)

"Eugene Delacroix. French painter, draughtsman, & lithographer. " . . . He was the son of a diplomat, Charles Delacroix, who at the time of his son's birth was ambassador in The Hague, but it has been suggested that his natual father was the great statesman Talleyrand, a friend of the family. His mother, Victoire Oeben, was the daughter of Jean-Francois Oeben, one of the most distinguished furniture makers of his day." (Chilvers. The Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists)

Her other lover was:
Jean-Baptiste Cervoni.
Lover in 1805?-1809
" . . . After her husband's death in 1805, she promptly put Eugene out to board at the Lycee de Bordeaux, and after installing him in the Louis-le-Grand in Paris, she returned to Marseilles, where the family lived from 1800-1803 and where her intimate acquaintance with General Cervoni presumably originated. There, according to Huyghe, she lived with the genral until his death in 1809 and then raised his daughter, Irene, as her own child. . . ." (Gedo. Psychoanalytic Perspectives on Art, Vol 2: 6)
Charles-Paris d'Orleans
Duke of Longueville
(1649-1672)
1664-1672

Duc d'Estouteville 1664
Sovereign Prince of Neuchatel, & Valangin
Comte de Saint-Paul
Comte de Dunois
Comte de Tancarville.

Son of: Francois VI, Duc de La Rochefoucauld & Anne-Genevieve de Bourbon-Conde (but recognized by her husband Henri II d'Orleans, Duc de Longueville).


His lovers were:

1) Madeleine d'Angennes, Dame de La Loupe (1629-1714)

Natural offspring:
Legitimized 1672

2) Ninon de l'Enclos.

 (1787-1871)
2nd Duc de Talleyrand
2nd Duc de Dino.

His lover was:
Dorothea von Kurland, Duchess of Dino.

"Edmond was a excellent soldier and cavalry officer who had been decorated several times for his bravery, but he was not a good husband.  He was a notorious philanderer, squandering a fortune on his extramarital lovers and his losses at the gaming tables...  Worse still, Edmond count not stimulate Dorothee's mind, and the married couple had almost nothing to talk about." (King: 42)

(1715-1789)
French politician, diplomat, peer and marshal.

His lover was:
Barbara Campanini (1721-1799).
Italian ballet dancer.
Grafin von Barschau 1787, Contessa Campanini 1787.

Wife of:
1) Karl Ludwig, Freiherr von Cocceji, mar 1748, sep 1759, div 1788.
2) a German baron.
Etienne-Francois
Duke of Choiseul

Duc de Choiseul
(1719-1785)
French military officer, diplomat & statesman

Husband of: Louise-Honorine de Crozat, mar 1750.

His lovers were:
1) Beatrix de Choiseul-Stainville.
his sister.

Comtesse de Brionne
Lover in 1761?

" . . .  After the death of her husband, the sitter became a mistress of Choiseul, whom VLB painted in 1773. . . ." (Vigee Le Brun)

3) Therese de Clermont d'Amboise.


Husband of:
Marguerite Marie de Cossé , mar

His lovers were:

2. Olympe Mancini, Comtesse de Soissons.

(1613-1680)
2nd Duc de La Rochefoucauld
French aristocrat, writer & moralist.

2nd Duc de La Rochefoucauld, Duc de Choiseul 1758, Prince de Marcillac, Comte de Stainville 1719, Field Marshal 1748, Ambassador in Rome 1753-1757, Ambassador to Vienna 1757-1768, Secretary of Foreign Affairs 1758-1770, Secretary of War 1761-1770, Secretary of the Navy 1761-1766

Son of: Francois V, 1st Duc de La Rochefoucauld & Gabrielle du Plessis-Liancourt

Personal & family background.
"Francis, Duc de la Rochefoucauld, was born on the 15th of December, 1613, and was descended from one of the oldest and noblest families in France.  His earliest recorded ancestor was a cadet of the ancient ducal house of Guienne, who in the year 1000 was lord of the town of La Roche, in the Angoumois, upon which---having probably stolen it---he graciously conferred his name of Fulk of Foucauld, and this gave rise to the distinctive appellation of La Rochefoucauld, since borne by his descendants, and still represented in the nobility of France.  Guy, the eighth lord of La Roche, is celebrated by Froissart for his powers in the tilt-yard, and for the peculiar splendour which he exhibited at a famous tournament held at Bordeaux in the year 1380.  Francis, the sixteenth lord, was godfather to Francis the First, King of France, and was engaged in conflict---single-handed---with France and England, and with her revolted subjects in the Netherlands. . .  When Rochefoucauld was born, men talked of the Spanish invasion of England and the destruction of the 'invincible' Armada, as they now talk of the accession of Louis Napoleon or the American rebellion. . . ." (The Congregationalist, Vol. 2: 475)

"Francois described himself as active, melancholy, reserved, skilled, fond of conversation, fond of reading, excessively critical, fond of argument, fond of self-improvement and hearing his friends candidly tell him of his faults, emotionally controlled, and very respectful and chivalrous towards women." (A Collection of Wisdom)

"Rochefoucauld was early known as a Frondeur.  His romantic devotion to Anne in earlier days had brought him into disfavour with Richelieu.  He had been imprisoned in the Bastille for a week on suspicion of helping Marie de Chevreuse to escape to Spain and had forfeited a Marshal's baton by his loyalty to the Queen.  Naturally, he had expected to be rewarded for his services during the Regency but had found himself ignored, on the advice of Mazarin.  He was among the first to join the Fronde, and was one of the Cardinal's bitterest enemies." (The Intriguing Duchess: 289)

" . . . But meanwhile, the young courtier, dazzled by the interest shown in him by the Queen and by her ladies, Mlle de Hautefort and Mlle de Chemerault, and above all, by the Queen's favourite, the beautiful and dangerous Mme de Chevreuse, surrendered himself eagerly to their influence. He fell in love with Mlle de Hautefort not only for her wit and beauty but also because he had as a rival no less a person than the King of France. La Rochefoucauld also cherished a tendresse for the fascinating and clever Mlle de Chemerault. She was even cleverer than he suspected, for this lady ws one of Richelieu's most efficient domestic spies." (Maximes: 3)


His lovers were:
1) Anne-Genevieve de BourbonDuchesse de Longueville (1619-1679)
French aristocrat
Lover in 1645

"In order to conquer for himself what the cardinal would not grant him, La Rochefoucauld put every effort to win Mme. de Longueville; captivated by his fine appearance, his chivalry and, above all, by his powerful intellect, she gave herself up entirely, willing to share his destiny, to sacrifice all her interests, even those of her family, and the deepest sentiment of her life---the tenderness for her brother."  (Thieme, 2006, pp. 52-53)

"The Duchesse de Longueville, so long famous for her chastity, had at last succumbed to the polished charms of Rochefoucauld, and her fall from her aloof pedestal was to have far-reaching results. The flame lit in her snowy bosom by the elegant flaneur became a raging conflagration that destroyed family ties, loyalty to her house, everything that she had held dear in the past. Influenced by her lover, the Duchess abandoned Conde and joined the Fronde. With her she brought her husband and the Prince de Conti, her youngest brother, who was accused of loving his brilliant sister with a fervour more gallant than fraternal." (The Intriguing Duchess: 290)
French diplomat & cleric
Voltaire's godfather & tutor


4) Ninon de l'Enclos
Portrait of Gabriel de Rochechouart, Duke of Mortemart wearing the Order of the Holy Spirit (Versailles, unknown artist).jpg
Gabriel de Rochechouart de Mortemart
Duke of Vivonne
(1600-1675)

Duc de Vivonne, 1668, Duc de Mortemart, 1663, Marquis de Mortemart, 1643, Marquis de Vivonne


Son of: Gaspard de Rochechouart de Mortemart, Marquis de Mortemart & Louise de Maure, Comtesse de Maure.


Husband of: Diane de Grandseigne (1615-1666) mar 1632


His lover was:
Marie Boyer.

Wife of the head of the Paris Chamber of Commerce.

" . . . The Duc de Mortemart was a hedonist to whom all pleasures were welcome: music and literature, food and drink, hunting --- and of course sex... Instead of staying yoked in a marriage of convenience (which had bred five children), the Duc lived quite openly with his mistress, Marie Tambonneau, the wife of the head of the Paris Chamber of Commerce, in a way that flouted the conventions, loose as they were. Eventually the Duchesse retired to Poitou." (Fraser)

"Tambonneau was President of the Chambre des Comptes, and claimed to be considered a gourmet. His wife, Mary Boyer, was very pretty, and only fourteen years old when he married her. She deceived him with numerous lovers, among whom Tallemant des Reaux names Count Francis d'Aubigny, Rene Longueil de Maisons (President of the Parliament of Paris), Francis Henry de Boutteville, afterwards known as the Marshal de Luxembourg, Gaston, Duke de Roquelaure, etc. Her husband, according to Tallemant, paid her back her own coin, and among his mistresses there was a certain Madame Leveque, wife of an advocate and notorious for her immorality. The song-writers of the period frequently held Tambonneau and his wife up to derision, and Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan jointly composed some puerile lines which are said to refer either to Mary Boyer or to her daughter-in-law, Angelica Voyer de Paulmy, governess of the king;s natural children. . . ." (Mémoirs of the Count de Grammont, Volume 2: 64)

Comte de Coligny, Seigneur de Chatillon-sur-Loing, Duc de Coligny, Marquis d'Andelot, air de France, Marshal of France 1622, French Protestant general.

Son of: Francois de Coligny & Marguerite d'Ailly

Grandson of admiral Gaspard de Coligny.

Husband of: Anne de Polignac, mar 1625

His lover was:
Ninon de l'Enclos (1620-1705)
Mademoiselle de l'Enclos. 

"That object appeared in the person of the young Gaspard, Count de Coligny, afterwards Duc de Chatillon, who paid her assiduous court. The result was that Ninon conceived a violent passion for the Count, which she could not resist, in fact did not care to resist, and she therefore yielded to the young man of distinguished family, charming manners, and a physically perfect specimen of manhood."  (Lenclos)

Physical appearance & personal qualities: "...Illustrious birth was the least merit of Gaspard de Chatillon: he had a handsome figure, a noble carriage, gaiety of soul, a cultivated taste, a sparkling wit, an amiable deportment, and polished manners, which rendered him popular throughout the fashionable circles of Paris; he was renowned for his valour, and promised to become one of the great captains of the age, when he was prematurely killed in the course of the wars of the Fronde, during the affair of the 'Pont de Charenton.'..." (Fraser Magazine, Vol. 30: 643)

(1728-1792)
6th Duke of Bouillon
1771-1792

Son of: Charles-Godefroy de La Tour d'Auvergne & Maria Karolina Sobieska.

Husband of:

1. Louise de LorraineMademoiselle de Marsan (1718-1788), mar 1743.

2. Marie-Francoise-Henriette de Banastre (1775-1816), daughter of his mistress, married 1789.

An unusual character.
"The 6th duke was an unusual character.  As prince de Turenne, he served in the cavalry and reached the rank of marechal de camp in 1748; he served again in the Seven Years' War until 1759.  He was a patron of the arts, and was elected to the Royal Academy of sculpture and painting in 1777; he was also a patrin of artists, and was known to have spent 800,000 livres in three months on the Opera singer Marie-Josephe Laguerre (the occasion for a song whose lyrics began: 'Bouillon est preux et vailant, il aime La Guerre...'). He created an order of chivalry for women, called La Felicite.  In 1789 he married the fourteen-year-old daughter of his mistress, over the objections of the bishop of Evreux.  When the Revolution came, he embraced it; he submitted his own proposals (cahiers de doleances) to the Estates General, was elected commander of the national guard of Evreux on July 20, 1789; took part in the Fere de la Federation on July 14, 1790, and was generally well-liked by his subjects in Bouillon and his tenants in Evreux.  When the Bouillonais decided to form an Assemblee generale on the model of the French National Assembly and write a constitution for the duchy, he endorsed their project whole-heartedly, and ratified the Constitution they wrote in 1792." (Heraldica)

His lover was:
Marie-Josephe Laguerre.

Natural offspring:
1. Sophie Mirleau de Chatillo(1760-?)

" . . . Godefroy Charles Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne (1728-1792), was the 6th Duke of Bouillon.  He married Louise de Lorraine, known prior to her marriage as Mademoiselle de Marsan.  He served with distinction in the Seven Years' War and was elected to the royal Academy of Sculpture and Painting in 1777.  In just three months, he squandered almost a million livres on his mistress, an opera singer, thus bringing his family to the verge of ruin.  Although the 6th duke embraced the French Revolution enthusiastically, the Duchy of Bouillon was annexed by the Republic within three years after his death.  His son, Jacques Leopold Charles Godefroy, incapacitated by a road accident, died in 1802, leaving no issue of his marriage to a Princess of Hesse-Rheinfels.  As a consequence, the main line of the La Tour d'Auvergne family went extinct." (Wikiwand)

Jacques de Crussol
Duc d'Uzes
(1868-1893)
13th Duc d'Uzes
1878-1893

His lovers were:
1) Caroline Otero.

2) Emilienne d'Alencon.
Lover in 1889-1892

" . . . The duchess's dissolute son, Jacques d'Uzes, wasted most of what was left as well as the family jewels on a courtesan, Emilienne d'Alencon, who did conjuring tricks with rabbits. To save him from total ruin, his mother exiled him to Africa, where he died of enteric fever." (Richardson. The Sorcerer's Apprentice: 108).


" . . . Emilienne d'Alencon ruined the young duc d'Uzes without so much as a line in the dailies. . . ." (Hill. 
The Last Courtesan80)

(1808-1872)
French aristocrat, statesman & diplomat.

His lover was:
Eleanora Marie Gordon (1808-1849)
French stage singer.

Daughter of: A captain of the Imperial Guards.

Wife of: Sir Gordon Archer, mar 1831.

Pair de France
Duc d'Epernon 1581
Comte de Montfort et Candale
Marquis de La Valette
Admiral de France.

Husband of: 

1. Marguerite de Foix, Comtesse de Candale, mar 1687
2. Anne Castelet de Monier.

His lovers were:

1) Charlotte de Sauve.

2) Charlotte du Tillet, Dame de Lassay.
Diane d'Estrees
3) Diane d'Estrees (1556-1618)
" . . . Gabrielle's sister Diane had been a mistress of Epernon. . . ." (Pitts. Henri IV of France: His Reign and Age

4) Henri III of France.
Lover in 1578

Offspring: "He also had three other natural children with Diane, the sister of Gabrielle d'Estrées); a daughter Louise, and two sons, Louis, bishop of Mirepoix, then bishop of Carcassonne and Bernard, prior of Bellefonds." (Wikipedia)

"...Henry set about providing a still greater favourite, La Valette, with a wife and fortune. This young nobleman was created Duke d'Epernon, with precedence above all other peers, excepting those of royal or of sovereign descent, and the Duke of Joyeuse; and to this was added, as an appanage, the county of Epernon, which Henry purchased expressly from the King of Navarre. Protest after protest was now made by the nobles against the precedence so unjustly granted to the favourites Joyeuse and Epernon; and Montmorency and other men of high rank refused to meet the minions in any assembly, public or private. Lampoons and satires were rife, and 'Le Nogaret,' as Epernon was insultingly called, was compared to Gaveston, the favourite of Edward II of England; and the parallel ended by predicting for him the same wretched fate. The justice of such strictures will be admitted when we find the king conferring on this rapacious man the sum of 400,000 francs to purchase suitable dress, equipments (sic), and furniture for his new rank...." (Menzies: 266)

"Having so successfully accomplished the aggrandizement of M. de Joyeuse, the king, during the following months of October and November, 1581, commenced to devise measures for the elevation of la Valette. This young nobleman was the second son of Jean de Nogaret, marquis de la Valette. He was handsome, brave, arrogant, profuse, and an adept in that piquante scandal which afforded Henry delight. La Valette, consequently, was a greater favourite with the king than his more refined and intellectual rival Joyeuse. The first step taken by the king was to purchase from Strozzi, for the sum of 50,000 crowns, and an annual pension of 20,000 livres, his office of colonel-general of infantry, the which was immediately bestowed on la Valette The king next despatched an envoy into Bearn to purchase the county of Epernon from the king of Navarre; and when the transfer of this appanage to the crown was completed, his majesty issued letters-patent creating his favourite Jean Louis Nogaret de la Valette duc d'Epernon, with precedence above all other peers, excepting those of royal or of sovereign descent, and the duc de Joyeuse. On the same day the king conferred the title of duc de Piney on Francois de Luxembourg, comte de Brienne, whose imperial descent made the lineage of the favourite seem very insignificant when both were pompously recited before the assembled Chambers. Henry's next proceeding was to annul the engagement subsisting between the new duc d'Epernon and Jeanne, heiress of the marquis de Mouy. He then despatched an embassage to the duc de Lorraine, to ask the hand of madame Christine, youngest sister of queen Louise, for Epernon. The demand was of course granted; and the young princess, who was not then of marriageable age, was betrothed to the duke. She was declared a daughter of France, her dowry of 300,000 gold crowns being immediately delivered to the duc d'Epernon." (Freer: 287)

Personal & family background.
Jean-Louis was the son of Jean de Nogaret de La Valette and Jeanne de Saint-Lary de Bellegarde. 

(1480-1516)
Duc de Longueville
1512-1516
French aristocrat & general

Duke of Longueville 1512
Count of Montgomery 1512
Count of Tancarville 1512
Prince of Chalet-Aillon 1512
Margrave of Rothelin 151
Viscount of Abberville 151
Grand Chamberlain of France
Governor of the Provence.

Son of: Francois I d'Orleans, Duc de Longueville & Agnes de Savoie.

Husband of: Johanna von Baden-Hochberg (d.1543), daughter of Philipp von Baden-Hochberg, mar 1504.

His lover was:
Lover in 1513 & 1516.

"During the Battle of the Spurs in 1513, the King's troops captured a number of French nobles, notablyLouis I d'Orléans, duke of Longueville. It is unknown if the Duke had met Jane at the French court, but as her countryman they seem to have been introduced upon his arrival at the English court and they soon began a liaison. Although he was technically a hostage, he was used as a supplementary ambassador in arranging the marriage of Mary Tudor and Louis XII, and was treated with respect as such. This damaged the reputation of Jane, who was probably then in her mid-to-late twenties, an age by which a woman would have been expected to be married. When the Duke returned to France in 1514, Jane remained at the English court and appears to have begun a brief affair with Henry VIII.[1] However, she seems to have wanted to return home. It has also been speculated that she was no longer welcome at the English court. She was listed as an attendant to Henry's sister, Princess Mary, who was about to become the queen of France. When Louis XII saw her name, he is said to have preferred that she be incinerated, and would not permit such an immoral woman to attend to his new wife. Jane remained in England until 1516, when she returned to France. She is said to have reignited her affair with the Duke and received a parting gift of £100 from Henry." (Wikipedia)

"During Henry's invasion of France the year before, there had been only one battle for Henry to celebrate --- the Battle of the Spurs. During this skirmish, Henry's men captured Louis, duc de Longueville, a member of the extremely powerful Orleans family. Lord Longueville was a charming courtier, and although he was kept in England as a hostage, he was treated more as a guest and as an extra ambassador for France. The English had been allied to Maximilian and Ferdinand, but Henry made it clear to Longueville that he would prefer to work with the French. Longueville negotiated the continuation of France's annual bribe to England, to stop English kings challenging the crown of France, and helped arrange the marriage of Henry's sister to the King of France at the same time. And he also began an affair with his compatriot, Jane Popincourt.
Louis de Cosse
Duke of Brissac
(1734-1792)
French politician & peer.

His lover was:
Jeanne Becu, Comtesse du Barry.
Lover in 1776

Louis de Nogaret
Duc de La Valette.
His lover was
Diane Chasteigner, Madame de Saint-Loup.
Duc de La Valette et de Candale
(1627-1658)


Governor & Lieutenant-General of Bourgogne, Bresse & Auvergne

"This was an account of a conversation that hade taken place between Saint Evremond and the Duc de Candale (1627-1658) the lover of the Comtesse d'Olonne, about the year 1650...." (Saint-Evremond, 1972, p. 66)
Catherine-Henriette
Comtesse d'Olonne

Daughter of: Charles d'Angennes, Seigneur de la Loupe, Baron d'Amberville & Marie de Regnier Droue.
Wife of: Louis de la Tremoille-Royan, Comte d'Olonne (1626-1686), a soldier and cadet of the house of Tremoille., mar 1652
Louis-Léon-Félicité de Brancas, 3rd duc de Lauraguais 1760 by Louis Carrogis Carmontelle.jpg
Louis-Leon
3rd Duke of Lauraguais
(1733-1824)
3rd Duke of Lauraguais
1755-1824
6th Duc de Villars.

Son of: Louis de Brancas-Villars & Adelaide-Genevieve d'O, Marquise de Franconville.

Husband of: Elisabeth-Pauline de Gand, Princess d'Isenghien, mar 1755.

His lovers were:
1) Marie-Catherine Vitry.

2) Laurence Lefebvre.
A French serving-girl

"Lauraguais was among those who risked the king's wrath over du Barry, particularly when he audaciously nicknamed Laurence Lefebvre, the serving-girl he had just taken as his mistress, la comtesse du Tonneau [the Countess of Tun].  This sarcastic word play on the witchs' punning nickname for du Barry, la comtesse de Baril [the Countess of the Barrel], did not amuse the king...." (Burrow: xiv)

3) Sophie Arnould.

French opera singer

Natural offspring:

military officer

" . . . The Count de Lauraguais understood women well.  Arriving from Normandy, in the character of an artless and imaginative poet, who comes to Paris to seek glory with which to crown his mistress, was it not presenting himself like a veritable Don Juan at the feet of an actress, who at first sight was ready to give him her heart?  It must be said, to the praise of Sophie Arnould, that she had never taken notice of the Count de Lauraguais behind the scenes of the opera, where he always appeared with the importance of an hereditary prince. . . ." (Houssaye, Vol. 2: 151)

"Then there was the aristocratic Count de Lauraguais, a playboy pamphleteer, who had introduced the sport of horse-racing to France. Lauraguais' family was among the most prominent in France; it supplied the court with both royal mistresses and government ministers, including the Duke of Choisseul, France's leading minister in the 1750s and 1760s. However, to his contemporaries Lauraguais was best known for his stormy on-off lover affair with the actress Sophie Arnould, a celebrated with and courtesan who was perhaps the most talked-about French woman of her age. Their antics provided endless copy for gossipy newsheets (sic)...for more than a dozen years...." (Burrows: xiv)

Louis Phelypeaux
Duc de La Vrilliere
Comte de Saint-Florentin

" . . . She was also the mistress of Louis Phelypeaux (1705-77), comte de Saint-Florentin and later (1770) duc de La Vrilliere, minister of the royal household (1749-75), with whom she had six sons and one daughter. Saint-Florentin allegedly exiled Sabbatini to the colonies to get rid of him and subsequently persuaded Langeac to marry 'la Sabbatine,' in order to legitimize the children, and return to the provinces without them...." (Desan & Merrick, 2009, p. 141)


His lover was:

Daughter of: Robert-Edmond de Cusacque & Marie Anne Isabelle Brigitte FitzGerald.

" . . . She was also the mistress of Louis Phelypeaux (1705-77), comte de Saint-Florentin and later (1770) duc de La Vrilliere, minister of the royal household (1749-75), with whom she had six sons and one daughter. Saint-Florentin allegedly exiled Sabbatini to the colonies to get rid of him and subsequently persuaded Langeac to marry 'la Sabbatine,' in order to legitimize the children, and return to the provinces without them...." (Desan & Merrick: 141)

Marquise de Langeac's other lover was.
1. Philippe de Sainte-Foy d'Arcq:

"...There were some doubts about the existence but none about its subject, the former Mme Sabbatini, Marie Madeleine Josephe Aglae de Cusack (1725-77), whose name turned up in collections of news and gossip many times during the next ten years.  She was the daughter of an aristocratic Irish Jacobite, widow of Giorgio Sabatini, and wife of Etienne Joseph de Lespinasse, marquis de Langeac. . . ."  (Desan & Merrick: 141)

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